Here’s a guide with study tips tailored specifically for neurodivergent students. These tips can help optimize learning experiences and support different learning styles often associated with neurodivergence, such as ADHD, dyslexia, autism, and more.
1. Create a Structured Study Environment
- Consistency and Routine: Establish a predictable study routine to reduce anxiety. Having set times for studying, breaks, and other activities can help foster a sense of control.
- Minimize Distractions: Create a quiet, distraction-free space. Use noise-canceling headphones, or listen to white noise or instrumental music to maintain focus.
- Visual Organization Tools: Use visual aids like color-coded calendars, sticky notes, or charts to keep track of assignments and deadlines.
2. Break Tasks into Manageable Chunks
- Chunking: Break down larger assignments into smaller, manageable parts. Completing one chunk at a time reduces the feeling of being overwhelmed.
- Use Timers: Set specific time limits for each chunk of work (e.g., use a 25-minute timer for focused work followed by a 5-minute break, known as the Pomodoro Technique).
- Set Clear Goals: Write down specific, achievable goals for each study session to maintain direction and focus.
3. Use Multisensory Learning Strategies
- Incorporate Visuals: Use diagrams, mind maps, videos, and other visual tools to enhance understanding of concepts.
- Interactive Tools: Leverage interactive tools, like educational apps, to engage multiple senses and aid in retaining information.
- Auditory Learning: Listening to recorded lectures or reading aloud can be helpful. Using audiobooks, podcasts, or apps like Speechify can assist in absorbing information through auditory means.
4. Leverage Technology and Assistive Tools
- Text-to-Speech Software: Tools like Kurzweil, Read&Write, or Google’s built-in text-to-speech feature can be very useful for reading and understanding text.
- Speech-to-Text: Dictation software like Dragon NaturallySpeaking or built-in voice-to-text tools can help with writing assignments.
- Note-taking Apps: Use apps like OneNote, Evernote, or Google Docs to take and organize notes. Some apps have features that allow for easy searching and tagging.
5. Use Fidget Tools or Movement Breaks
- Movement Helps Focus: If sitting still for long periods is difficult, consider incorporating movement during study sessions, such as using a standing desk, fidget tools, or bouncing on an exercise ball.
- Scheduled Breaks: Take regular breaks to avoid burnout. Use breaks for stretching, walking, or doing something physically engaging to reset your focus.
6. Practice Active Learning
- Summarize and Teach Back: After reading or listening to material, summarize it in your own words or explain it to someone else. This helps solidify your understanding.
- Practice Quizzes: Use self-testing to check your understanding. Flashcards (digital or physical) can help reinforce concepts through repetition.
- Group Study: Studying with others can provide motivation and offer different perspectives. You can share notes and discuss material to gain new insights.
7. Prioritize Self-Care
- Sleep: Ensure that you get adequate rest. Lack of sleep can impair concentration, memory, and cognitive function.
- Nutrition and Hydration: Maintaining a balanced diet and staying hydrated has a direct impact on focus and cognitive performance.
- Mindfulness and Relaxation: Incorporate relaxation techniques like deep breathing, meditation, or yoga to help manage stress and anxiety, which can impact focus and productivity.
8. Develop Positive Reinforcement Strategies
- Reward Yourself: Set up a reward system for completing study sessions or tasks. Positive reinforcement can help maintain motivation.
- Stay Motivated: Reflect on your progress regularly and celebrate small victories. This boosts confidence and motivation.
- Accountability Partner: Work with a classmate, mentor, or family member who can check in on your progress and offer encouragement.
9. Use Body Doubling for Enhanced Focus
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What is Body Doubling?
Body doubling involves having another person present while you work. The other person doesn’t necessarily need to actively engage with your work, but simply their presence can help maintain focus and motivation. It’s especially helpful for individuals with ADHD, autism, or other neurodivergent traits.
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How It Helps:
- Accountability: Having someone nearby can create a sense of responsibility and accountability, reducing distractions.
- Increased Focus: The presence of another person can help minimize the urge to check phones, wander, or get lost in other tasks.
- Social Pressure: The presence of another person provides a form of gentle social pressure, which can encourage sustained work, especially for tasks that feel overwhelming or unmotivating.
- Calming Effect: For some, simply knowing that another person is working alongside them can reduce anxiety and help with motivation.
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How to Use Body Doubling Effectively:
- Study Groups or Study Buddies: Pair up with a classmate, friend, or family member for study sessions. Each person works on their own tasks, but the presence of the other person can help keep you on track.
- Online Body Doubling: Use video calls with friends or study partners where everyone works independently but is virtually together. Apps like Focusmate or virtual co-working groups can facilitate this, offering a structured environment where people commit to working together online.
- Co-working Spaces: Consider working in a co-working space or library where others are present. The general environment of others being productive can provide a subtle but powerful cue to stay focused.
- Set Clear Expectations: For effective body doubling, it’s important to have clear expectations with the person you’re working with. Make sure they understand that they don't need to help with tasks directly but their presence is supportive for your focus.
10. Seek Support and Accommodations
- Reach Out for Help: If you're struggling with certain topics, don’t hesitate to ask teachers, tutors, or peers for clarification. Visit BC's Tutoring Center to get the support you need.
- Disability Services: The earlier you start the accommodations process the better, but it is never too late! Reach out to DSPS at BC and they can help you get the accommodations you need.
- Utilize all of BC's resources: Visit the "BC Resources" page of this libguide to learn all about the different services that are available to help you succeed as a Bakersfield College Student.
11. Find What Works for You
- Experiment with Techniques: Every neurodivergent student’s brain works differently, so don't be afraid to try different strategies until you find what works best for you. Whether it’s using different study tools, methods of note-taking, or sensory accommodations, finding your personal system is key.
- Adapt and Adjust: If you find certain study techniques or tools are not working for you, be flexible and willing to adjust your strategies. Regular reflection and adaptability will help you optimize your study habits over time.
Note: Most of the videos below are focused on ADHD, but a lot of the content is applicable for a lot of different neurotypes! If you don't have ADHD, don't let that stop you from checking out all of the videos below!